Closed System and The Zero-Point Energy Field

1 . Classical physics sees an intrusion from outside into a closed system.

This is a classic experiment: 8 horses pull 2 spliced balls, inside the sphere is a vacuum. As a result, 8 horses were unable to disassemble the assembled ball.
The atmospheric pressure could not be so strong to hold two half balls. If the atmospheric pressure is strong enough, why aren't the balls distorted?
From this event, classical physics suspected of an exchange at the inside and outside of the sphere. That is, there are signs of crossing the boundary of a closed system.
However, classical physics does not know what "it" is.
At that time, it was suspected that vacuum had no relation to the whole universe.

2. A closed system - Isolated system

In physical science, an isolated system is either of the following:

1. a physical system so far removed from other systems that it does not interact with them.
2. a thermodynamic system enclosed by rigid immovable walls through which neither mass nor energy can pass.

Though subject internally to its own gravity, an isolated system is usually taken to be outside the reach of external gravitational and other long-range forces.
This can be contrasted with what (in the more common terminology used in thermodynamics) is called a closed system, being enclosed by selective walls through which energy can pass as heat or work, but not mass of substance; and with an open system, which both mass and energy can enter or exit, though it may have variously impermeable walls in parts of its boundaries.

An isolated system obeys the conservation law that its total energy–mass stays constant. Most often, in thermodynamics, mass and energy are treated as separately conserved.

3. When is the energy crossing the boundaries of a closed system heat and when does it work?

Following the principle of Isolated system, we need to consider the conditions to create "energy crossing the boundaries".
Condition: It works if and only if it is a open system or Thermodynamic system
The system is the part of the universe being studied, while the surroundings is the remainder of the universe that lies outside the boundaries of the system. It is also known as the environment, and the reservoir. Depending on the type of system, it may interact with the system by exchanging mass, energy (including heat and work), momentum, electric charge, or other conserved properties. The environment is ignored in analysis of the system, except in regards to these interactions.
We will discuss this in section 3.1 below.

3.1. The most feasible and most controversial type of energy crossing the boundaries of a closed system heat: The Classical Vacuum-Zero-Point Energy

Suppose one had a piston and cylinder machined so perfectly that the piston could move freely and yet nothing could leak past it. Initially the piston is at the closed end of the cylinder and there is no vacant space at all. When a steady force is applied to withdraw the piston against the pressure of the air outside, the space developed between the piston and the end of the cylinder is a region of vacuum.

If the piston is immediately released, it moves back into the cylinder, eliminating the vacuum space.
If the piston is withdrawn and held for some time at room temperature, however, the result is quite different. External air pressure pushes on the piston, tending to restore the original configuration. Nevertheless, the piston does not go all the way back into the cylinder, even if additional force is applied. Evidently something is inside the cylinder. What appeared to be an empty space is not empty after the wait.
The physicists of the 19th century were able to explain this curious result. During the period when the piston was withdrawn the walls of the cylinder were emitting heat radiation into the vacuum region. When the piston was forced back in, the radiation was compressed. Thermal radiation responds to compression much as a gas does: both the pressure and the temperature rise.
Thus the compressed radiation exerts a force opposing the reinsertion of the piston. The piston and cylinder could be closed again only if one waited long enough for the higher-temperature radiation to be reabsorbed by the walls of the cylinder.
The form of thermal radiation is intimately connected with the structure of the vacuum in classical physics. Nothing in my discussion so far has indicated that this should be so, and indeed the physicists of the 19th century were unaware of the connection.

Source: The Classical Vacuum-Zero-Point Energy

3.2. The Zero-Point Energy Field

Still the story of cylinder and piston. But this time they gave T = 0.

Quantum mechanics predicts the existence of what are usually called ''zero-point'' energies for the strong, the weak and the electromagnetic interactions, where ''zero-point'' refers to the energy of the system at temperature T=0, or the lowest quantized energy level of a quantum mechanical system.
Zero-point energy is the energy that remains when all other energy is removed from a system. This behavior is demonstrated by, for example, liquid helium. As the temperature is lowered to absolute zero, helium remains a liquid, rather than freezing to a solid, owing to the irremovable zero-point energy of its atomic motions. (Increasing the pressure to 25 atmospheres will cause helium to freeze.)
A harmonic oscillator is a useful conceptual tool in physics. Classically a harmonic oscillator, such as a mass on a spring, can always be brought to rest. However a quantum harmonic oscillator does not permit this. A residual motion will always remain due to the requirements of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, resulting in a zero-point energy, equal to 1/2 hf, where f is the oscillation frequency.
Electromagnetic radiation can be pictured as waves flowing through space at the speed of light. The waves are not waves of anything substantive, but are ripples in a state of a theoretically defined field. However these waves do carry energy (and momentum), and each wave has a specific direction, frequency and polarization state. Each wave represents a ''propagating mode of the electromagnetic field.''
Each mode is equivalent to a harmonic oscillator and is thus subject to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. From this analogy, every mode of the field must have 1/2 hf as its average minimum energy. That is a tiny amount of energy in each mode, but the number of modes is enormous, and indeed increases per unit frequency interval as the square of the frequency.
The spectral energy density is determined by the density of modes times the energy per mode and thus increases as the cube of the frequency per unit frequency per unit volume. The product of the tiny energy per mode times the huge spatial density of modes yields a very high theoretical zero-point energy density per cubic centimeter.
From this line of reasoning, quantum physics predicts that all of space must be filled with electromagnetic zero-point fluctuations (also called the zero-point field) creating a universal sea of zero-point energy. The density of this energy depends critically on where in frequency the zero-point fluctuations cease.
Since space itself is thought to break up into a kind of quantum foam at a tiny distance scale called the Planck scale (10-33 cm), it is argued that the zero point fluctuations must cease at a corresponding Planck frequency (1043 Hz). If that is the case, the zero-point energy density would be 110 orders of magnitude greater than the radiant energy at the center of the Sun.
How could such an enormous energy not be wildly evident?
There is one major difference between zero-point electromagnetic radiation and ordinary electromagnetic radiation. Turning again to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle one finds that the lifetime of a given zero-point photon, viewed as a wave, corresponds to an average distance traveled of only a fraction of its wavelength. Such a wave ''fragment'' is somewhat different than an ordinary plane wave and it is difficult to know how to interpret this.
On the other hand, zero-point energy appears to have been directly measured as current noise in a resistively shunted Josephson junction by Koch, van Harlingen and Clarke up to a frequency of about 0.6 Tz (see Abstract).

Source: Zero Point Energy and Zero Point Field

4. Zero Point Energy: Break all boundaries

The Zero-Point Energy Field can cross the boundaries of a closed heat system. That's the best thing for the question: When is the energy crossing the boundaries of a closed system heat and when does it work?
But how does it work?
The electromagnetic energy of Zero Point Energy is a prime example to prove it works.
Breaking boundaries, you will see the energy is taken from nothing, and what is mysterious as UFO (government UFO) are true. Full answer here: Nikola Tesla: The Zero-Point Energy Field and How to Exploit it

Exploiting energy from Ether - Zero-Point Energy: Ancient Invention Generates Energy-On-Demand

(The High-power Motionless Generator)

Free Energy Massacre - Free Energy Surprise - Occult Ether Physics